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11. Ecstasy

INTRODUCTION

Ecstasy or 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is a derivative of amphetamine and shares the properties of both amphetamines and hallucinogens, in its side effects and residual effects.

A recent survey of ecstasy use in Australia (Solowij and Lee, 1991) reports that it is not as widely used as amphetamines and use is primarily recreational, commonly being associated with metropolitan dance parties and other social venues. The abuse potential of ecstasy is considered quite low since with increased use the negative aspects of use tend to increase while the positive effects decrease. For this reason few people with dependence problems report to treatment agencies.

The effects of ecstasy are quite similar to those found with amphetamines, although it is reported that ecstasy produces a more positive mood and sense of intimacy than amphetamines.

PHYSICAL EFFECTS

PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS

UNDESIRABLE PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS

WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS

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